FORM - 2
1) True Density meter (Pycnometer)
2) MR. KESHAV D. GANGAL (Indian National) having office F-7, Shree Ind. Estate, Behind Ramchandra Talkies, V. P. Road, Dombivli, PIN -421 201.
3) The following specifications particularly describes & Ascertains the
nature of this invention & the manner in which it is performed: -
The Present invention relates to an instrument for measuring true density of all type of materials
According to the conventional method no advanced instruments are available for measurement of true density of materials.
The purpose of the present invention is develop an advanced instrument for measuring specific gravity of all type of materials. It is also the purpose of the invention is to measure specific gravity where (By specific gravity Bottle ( Archimedes Principle) Method Is Not Possible. It is also another purpose of the invention is to develop an instrument which is capable of non destructive testing , easy to operate and economical.

2 4 AUG 2001

According to the Patent invention. There are two chambers, Reference chamber and sample chamber These are calibrated for volume by standard calibration SS rods of known volume. Sample to be analysed is kept in sample chamber then reference chamber is pressurized by air or helium to around 1 kg. Pressure and this is measured by pressure transducer. Then the reference chamber is connected to sample chamber. Depending on the volumes of the two chambers the pressure drops . This pressure is again measured by pressure transducer. Then simple calculation gives the volume of the material. The material is weighed. The division of weight by volume of the material gives true density.
In some cases it is necessary to apply vacuum before the experiment. The provision has been done for this.
According to the Present invention instrument, is used to measure the true density / Specific gravity of any material by precisely determining true volume of the material. The main advantage of the instrument is that, it can measured the true density of materials where it cannot be measured by Archimedes principle ( specific gravity bottle).

According to the present invention the instrument determines the true density of materials by measuring two pressure readings. Initially the gas is pressurized in a known reference volume. This reading is taken as first pressure reading. Then the pressurised gas is allowed to flow from reference volume into a sample cell (with known volume) containing the material. Due to this , the initial pressure and this dropped pressure is taken as second pressure reading. Then the material volume is calculated by standard formula using these readings. Finally , the true density is calcutted by dividing the weight of the material by the material volume.
Normally air can be used for measurement. But for porous materials and the materials having affinity towards Nitrogen or Oxygen, Helium is used. When Helium is used initially vaccum is necessary to remove air from the pores of the sample. After that purging with Helium gas is done. Then the normal procedure is followed.
According to the present invention Instead of Helium, Nitrogen can be used for measurement if the sample is not adsorbing Nitrogen over its surface.
According to the Present invention the instrument is having 3 sample cells from micro volume to large volume ( 13cc to 150cc) to accommodate various material sizes.

According to the Present invention the instrument is useful in density measurement of metal oxides, refractories, carbon black, activated carbon, silica, metal powder, ceramics, graphite, catalysts, pharmaceuticals, pigments; minerals, organic powders and many more According to the present invention the purpose of the invention is to measure the specific gravity Bottle Where (Achimedes Principle) Method Is Not Possible According to the present invention it is to develop an instruments which is capable of non destructive Testing, a easy to operate & hence economical.
The invention will now be described is greater detail with reference to the accompanying drawing shown as in Figure 1 & Figure 2
Figure No. 1 of the drawing illustrate. Regulates and Controls the gas flow coming in the system - Component 27. Pressure Release Valve, to release the pressure if exceeded the safety level - Component 28. Gas ON/OFF valve, to switching on or off the gas flow - Component 29. Large Reference Cylinder - Reference Volume for large sample cell - Component 30. Medium Reference Cylinder - Reference Volume for micro sample cell -Component 31. Micro Reference Cylinder-Reference Volume for micro sample cell - Component 32. Sample Cell - to keep the sample to be measured - Component 33. Pressure Transducer to measure the pressures in ihe system - Component 18

Figure No. l of the drawing illustrate. At the drawing illustrate. Step-Down Transformer to step down the voltage from mains (230V) to required voltage. - Component 25, Forms power Supply for the pressure transducer (18) - Component 1,2,7,12,5,13,3,15,8,15,17. Pressure Transducer to measure thepressures in the system - Component 18. Forms an Amplifier which amplifies the signal from pressure transducer (18) and gives to Digital Panel Meter (26) - Component 9,16,19,21,20. Digital Panel Meter to display the amplified signal - Component 26. Forms a comparator to indicate that the pressure has exceeded the safety level - Component 22,23,9. Forms power supply for Amplifier - Component 1,2,10,11,3,4. Forms power supply for Digital Panel Meter (26) - Component 1,3, 24,6
4) I CLAIM :-
1) An instrument for measuring true density of all type of material in which two chambers viz. reference & chamber sample chamber are calibriated for volume by standard calibration SS roads of known volume & the sample which is to be analaysed is kept in the sample chamber, then reference chamber is pressurized by air or helium & measured by pressure transducer, therefore the reference chamber is connected to sample depending upon the two chambers the pressure drops and the pressure is again measured by pressure transducers the simply calculation gives the volume of the material & the weight of volume of the material gives true density.
2) An instrument as claimed in claim 1. which is capable of measuring the true density of the material which it cannot be measured by Archemides principle.

3) A device as claimed is claim 1 & 2 in which nitrogen can be used
instead of Helium for absorbing Nitrogen over the surface of the instrument.
4) An Instrument as claimed here in described with reference to and as
illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Dated 24th Day of August, 2001


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JOSEPH VARIKASERY Of. VARIKASERY & VARIKASERY
Agent for the Applicant