COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
Process of Making Particle Board & Tiles from Cow Dung & Agriculture Waste
FIELD OF INVENTION
[ 001 ] The invention relates to the process of making particle boards and tiles from cow dung and agricultural waste for construction, furniture, packaging, low cost housing, sound proofing, transport and other areas.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[ 002 ] Till recently plywood replaced substantial use of solid wood in the furniture industry. However, it is difficult to use the roots, branches, upper top, and the interior core of the timber in the manufacture of plywood, .Also there are limitations in size, core gap, uniformity, and workmanship of plywood for mass production. Moreover, this leads to cutting of trees and adversely affects the ecological balance.
[ 003 ] In recent past, the use of plywood has been replaced with Particle Boards and MDF Boards worldwide, wherein over 95% of wood available in tree can be used for manufacture of these boards. This is possible due to the process of chipping in the place of peeling and proves to be highly economical, speedy, exceptional as well as eco-friendly.
[ 004 ] A cow progeny generates app.10 Kgs of Dung & 7 Liter of Urine. Cumulative national generation is estimated at 1 billion MT & 700 Million Kilo Liter. Binding, light weight and anti radiation qualities of cow dung are established, and prove to be valuable industrial input in several processes. Particle board / tiles are products which can be made by using cow dung constituting 50-60% of the raw material.
[ 005 ] Previous inventions, like Patent No. US 6,596, 209 B2, Dated: Jul. 22, 2003 have used cellulosic agricultural plant waste materials such as straws, grasses, palm waste, plant waste, etc. to produce Particle Boards. Such inventions donot use livestock waste like cow dung as the raw material to produce particle boards
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[ 006 ] The object of patent, is to produce particle boards and tiles using cow dung as the principal raw material and agricultural waste such as straws, grasses, palm waste, plant waste as the other raw material to form the composite laminate.
[ 007 ] One objective of the invention is produce a particle board that uses cow dung and agricultural waste as raw materials, thus creating bio-degradable, environment friendly, light weight and anti-radiation products that can be used in a variety of forms.
[ 008 ] A further objective of the invention is innovative use of cow dung which otherwise is precious resource which is wasted, thereby creating value for the cow dung as an industrial raw material.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE ACCOMPANYING DRAWINGS
[ 009 ] The process for making particle board and tiles from cow dung and agricultural waste is described in figure 1
DESCRIPTION OF INVENTION
[010] The process for making particle board and tiles from cow dung and agricultural waste is depicted in figure 1 and consists of the following steps:
[ 011 ] The raw material cow dung (1) is collected (2) and dried after making its cakes (3) and subsequently cut into smaller chunks using a Hammer Mill (4)
[ 012 ] The raw material fibrous plant agricultural waste (5) is collected and sieved (6) and dried using bagass drying (7) and subsequently cut into smaller chunks using a Hammer Mill (8)
[ 012 ] The cut cow dung matter from step (4) and the agricultural waste matter from step (8) are together crushed (9) and mixed using a mixer cattle with agitator stirrer with a Binder and Additive mixed in glue mixer cattle (11)
[ 014 ] The mixture of Cow Dung, Agricultural Waste , Binder and additive (11) is poured into casting trays (12) which are put in a Hydraulic Power Press for baking and pressing under steam from a boiler(13) and taken to drying (14) thus resulting in the production of raw particle board (15)
[ 015 ] The raw particle board (15) is cut suing a saw cutter (16) and evenly sanded using a sanding machine (17). Further the raw board is pasted with veneer lamination layers using a pasting machine (18) and put in a clod press for pressing (19) to finally produce the laminated particle board (20). By varying the number of lamination layers, particle boards can be achieved of thicknesses varying between 3 mm to 45 mm.
TABLE 1: Mechanical Properties of the Particle Board

(Table Removed)

I claim
1. A process of making particle board and tiles,
a. Comprising cow dung as the principal raw material, constituting more than 50-60
percent of the raw material, plant agriculture waste including but not limited to
straws, grasses, palm waste, plant waste, which forms the other raw material and
a synthetic binder and additive for binding the raw matter;
b. drying and reducing to small particles, the cow dung and agricultural waste;
c. adding and mixing a Binder and Additive to the cow dung and agricultural waste
particles in a mixer cattle with an agitator stirrer;
d. casting the mixture of cow dung, agricultural waste, binder and additive in casting
trays;
e. baking and pressing the mixture under steam in a Hydraulic Power Press;
f. drying the matter to form raw particle board;
g. cutting and sanding the raw board to even sizes
h. pasting with veneer lamination layers using a pasting machine and putting in a cold press for pressing to finally produce the laminated particle board
2. A method of claim 1 in which by varying the number of lamination layers, particle
boards can be achieved of thickness varying between 3 mm to 45 mm.
3. A method of claim 1 whereby the use of cow dung imparts the following unique
properties as compared to other natural fibre materials used for particle boards:
a. Water proofing properties
b. Heat resistance properties
c. Sound proofing properties
d. Anti Radiation properties
e. Anti-fungal properties
4. A method of claim 1 which results in the formation of particle board or tiles which are
an eco-friendly product with the following features:
a. Uniform Thickness
b. Dimensional Stability
c. High Durability
d. Water and Moisture resistance
e. Borer and Termite resistance
f. Fungus resistance
g. Very high abrasion resistance
h. High surface resistance to steam, heat and stains
i. High face strength
j. Steep vertical density gradient
k. High Screw holding capacity
I. High load bearing capacity
5. A method of claim 1 where the binder used is Urea Formaldehyde / Melamine Formaldehyde
6. A method of claim 1 where the Additive used is phenyl / Guar gum / Cashew Nut Shell Liquid CNSL
7. A method of claim 1 where the average process time per batch is approximately 12 minutes